Audit and assurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Audit and assurance - Essay ExampleLinked in to this is the growing intuitive feeling that many firms of auditors are unable to make objective judgments because they are either too close to the clients that they are auditing or they get close to them during recurring audits of the uniform clients. This is the principal(prenominal) area where an auditors independence is brought under question. The basic idea of audit is to bring in an independent tax assessor of the financial contestations the assessor i.e. the auditor should be honest while giving out his conclusion on the financial statements. The auditor pick outs a report explaining the audit process and gives his legal opinion as to the truth and fairness of the financial statements i.e. whether they are prepared in accordance with the relevant legal and accounting standards. There are many unalike types of assurance engagementsAn auditor usually gives out two types of assurances, Reasonable or Limited Assurance. A reasona ble assurance is of high level while a peculiar(a) assurance is a moderate level assurance. When giving out a reasonable assurance, the auditor gives out a positive report (means the statement given out would be a positive one as opposed to a normative statement given out in limited assurance).Many companies get their financial statements audited by different audit firms, along with these external audits, companies also assign other assurance services to the existing auditor, this issue has caused a bit of concern over the recent years. The independence of the auditor is questioned when he takes up such(prenominal) assignments along with the external audit assignment. To avoid such situation, the auditor can perform certain strict procedures while performing the external audit along with other assurance servicesThe treasury choice committee in May 2009 published a report to address the issue of increasing investors confidence in a firm, in this report, the main aim of

Employment plan coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Employment plan - Coursework ExampleI have always dreamt of working at a structure company wish Terna. Terna is known for its projects, its highly qualified personnel and the work opportunities that it gives to young addresss. I hope that the reflection of my skills and experience are suitable for the junior civil engineer position. Task 2 My SWOT Analysis for my Continuing Professional Development (CPD)In no more than 400 words critically appraise your current position using the SWOT analysis framework.Strengthsa) My University degree is in Civil Engineering and I was among top five performers.b) I have relevant experience - I spent three months at a construction site in Saudi Arabia.c) I have good knowledge of project management.d) I am able to demonstrate team working and time management skills. I was managing a small team of workers at the construction site in Saudi Arabia.Weaknessesa) Although I have basic knowledge of AutoCAD, I am still non considered an experienced use r. I currently attend seminars for improving my knowledge in AutoCAD.b) I do not speak Arabic. Speaking Arabic can be advantage since a civil engineer has to communicate in Arabic with the workers. I would consider learning Arabic prior to obtaining the position. Opportunitiesa) There is a shortage at a national level for engineers wanting to live and work in Saudi Arabia. Experienced engineers do not want to leave their families and transmigrate and young engineers do not possess relevant experience.b) Our country is famous for the large construction projects that its construction companies take over all around the world. In addition, University programs prepare top quality engineers.c) There are also many... I am aware that Terna looks for candidates that have a basic experience at this shape of projects and gives a particular emphasis on team working skills, time and project management. During my university years I attended a module called Project vigilance which enabled me t o study the requirements of a construction project. In addition, I attended two free choice modules concerning team working and time management and two seminars transaction with these issues. The project in Middle East gave me the opportunity to practice these skills since I was part of a large construction team and as one of the antique engineer assistants I was responsible for a small number of workers.I have always dreamt of working at a construction company like Terna. Terna is known for its projects, its highly qualified personnel and the work opportunities that it gives to young engineers. I hope that the demonstration of my skills and experience are suitable for the junior civil engineer position.a) There is a shortage at a national level for engineers wanting to live and work in Saudi Arabia. Experienced engineers do not want to leave their families and migrate and young engineers do not possess relevant experience.a) Global economic crisis has a negative effect on construc tion projects esp

The Importance Of Financing Smes In Oman - Government Intervention Dissertation

The Importance Of Financing Smes In Oman - Government Intervention - Dissertation ExampleIt is so because the business environment in Oman is unalike from that of the western countries. Hence, to examine this argument, this inquiry study focuses on the internationalisation approaches followed by the Small and Medium- surface Enterprises (SMEs) in Oman. The decision makers of four SMEs in Oman have been interviewed in this research study. The collected data from the interviews and other secondary researches have been analysed using two approaches namely, within case analysis and cross case analysis. The findings obtained from this research study has been compared with the germane(predicate) literature on internationalisation process that exists like the theoretical framework of international new ventures (INVs) and the Uppsala Schools internationalisation process model (U-model). The findings of this research study advert that the internationalisation behaviours of SMEs in Oman ar e not completely different from that of the firms in the western countries. The INVs framework and the U-model cannot explain the internationalisation process of SMEs in Oman on its own. besides both these models have explained the internationalisation patterns in different ways. ... 2.3.2Factors Responsible for Internationalisation by SMEs 22 2.4Internationalisation Procedures by SMEs 26 2.4.1The U-model 26 2.4.2INVs Framework 27 2.5Conclusion 28 CHAPTER 3 Research Methodology 28 2.6Introduction 28 2.7Types of Research 29 2.7.1Qualitative Methodology 29 2.7.2Case Study Research 30 2.7.3Semi-structured Interviews 30 2.8Sources of Data 31 2.9Research Design and Tools 33 2.9.1Construct Validity 33 2.9.2Internal Validity 34 2.9.3External Validity 34 2.9.4Reliability 36 2.10Conclusion 39 3.CHAPTER 4 Findings and Results 39 3.1Introduction 39 3.2Summary of Data 40 3.3Company Backgrounds 40 3.3.1Company A 40 3.3.2Company B 41 3.3.3Company C 42 3.3.4Company D 43 3.4Within Case Analysis 44 3.4.1Company A 45 3.4.2Company B 47 3.4.3Company C 48 3.4.4Company D 49 3.5Cross Case Analysis 50 3.5.1Motives for Internationalisation 50 3.5.2Factors Leading to Internationalisation 51 3.5.3Intensity of Internationalisation 52 3.5.4Resource Base Orientation 52 3.5.5Mechanism of Reducing Uncertainty 53 3.6Propositions 53 3.7Conclusion 55 4.CHAPTER 5 Conclusion 55 4.1Introduction 55 4.2Conclusions 56 5.CHAPTER 6 Recommendations, Limitations and kitchen stove for Future Study 58 5.1Introduction 58 5.2Limitations and Recommendations 58 5.3Future Scope of the Study 59 References 61 Bibliography 67 Appendices 68 Appendix 1 (Interview Schedule) 68 1. CHAPTER 1 Introduction There has been an extensive study on the internationalisation process followed by different organisations worldwide. However, the internationalisation process followed by small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) has not received such extensive attention in the 21st century (Forsman, Hinttu, & Kock, n.d.). Market gl obalization also has a significant impact on these SMEs (Asiedu, & Freeman, 2006, p.2). With

Language and Literacy Development and Exploring Games Assignment

Language and Literacy Development and Exploring Games - Assignment ExampleAdditionally, the childrens sitting is at the center of the path besides having ample space where some kids out of their preference can sit on the ground and work or play with their prints. Primarily, the setting concentrates on having diverse harmonious bright colors that will liven up childrens moods. The books includeIt is a picture book about Pinkalicious girl, who really loves knap color where regardless of numerous warnings by her parents not to eat too many pink cakes declines and eventually turns pink. The book mainly authored for new kindergarteners who have get together preschool.This is a battery-operated board having slots that contain fish in them and normally opening their mouths at interval but not at the same time. The board spins in a moderate speed to allow the kid(s) to fish and remove them once they have bit superstars plastic bate, mainly hooked on the fishing line. The entire boards bo dy may be circular or made in the shape of a fish and produces wet sounds similar to that of a running river.This is a circular, moderate revolving board comprising of diverse colored sectors (probably 8) where at their edges it has slots. The player normally has a small hand cue, where one tries to pin the sector having the color of choice.The patch normally aids in enabling the preschool childs mental capacity to master and increase their assimilation while trying to keep up with the moderate revolving speed. Supplementary impressivities meant for classroom to enhance their concentration and mental include matching games (letter, pictures or color matching).Primarily, this game entails using a propelling pipe like gadget to through small plastic balls into the three plates, probably placed about 1 to 2 meters way. The child normally erects the propelling pipe like a canon and then tries to throw the balls into the plates, which are 3 to 4 in number and act as target.It compris es of

The halo effect in persuasion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The halo effect in persuasion - Essay ExampleRobert Cialdini (psychology professor) suggested half dozen rules of persuasion. These are principle of reciprocation, principle of scarcity, principle of authority, principle of commitment and consistency, principle of consensus, and the principle of liking. In this report, however, only principle of reciprocation will be discussed. consort to Cialdini (2006) such a principle can be clearly seen in each of the human cultures. Principle of reciprocation requires that a someone repays what another person has depictd. In other words, it is like doing a favor while expecting them to return it at a later stage. The second way by which the Rule of reciprocality may allow for a rise in the compliance makes use of a slight variation on the actual subject rather than to provide a favor initially which would lead to a stimulation of a returned favor, a person might rather decided on a premier concession which would result in a return concessio n. There is a certain compliance process that is called the reject-then-retreat-technique, or door-in-the-face-technique, has a major dependence upon the tune of reciprocating concessions. Through initiating with a major favor of which there is a major probability of rejection, the requester can later beneficially back away with a little request, which is the one that was needed since the beginning. There is a probability of such a request being accepted since seemingly it is a concession.I applied principle of reciprocation on two people. One was a friend, while other was a stranger. This helped me find whether the other person returned favor only because he was a friend and/or just being nice, or was it the principle of reciprocation. I applied both, rule of reciprocation and the reject-then-retreat technique.The rule of reciprocation failed to work with my friend,

Personal narrative Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Narrative - Personal Statement ExampleA male doctor approached my get laid and gave me a quick examination. That is when reality struck me, the pain I was under was not just from the stitches in my face, barely every part of my body was aching. The events that direct to the state I was in are still fresh in my headspring, even though they doo not haunt me nor make me regret, they act as a stern reminder on the need to follow parental orders and doing things at the right cartridge holder. Writing down my reflections of that horrific Friday that left me in a vegetational state for a year, I would like to plead with my young colleagues at college and in high school to take control of their lives. The events of that fateful Friday night had been seamlessly plotted for a month and my friends, and I, were revved up for a mind-blowing night. The mind-blowing aspect amuses me, as at times I tend to think that it did indubitably happen, but on a lighter note as my mind was almost liter everyy blown off. It was during the beginning of March when my friends I decided to plan for a theatre of operations party at the end of the month to be held at Johns, my classmate, place. His parents would be travelling to the countryside for a week, providing the opportune moment for executing our plans. The house party idea was initially meant to be for twenty friends, but word got round so fast that majority of the teenagers at school wanted to attend. This was sibyllic to be the usual party held by a group of teenagers, but it had escalated into the party of the year way before it had happened. As the schemers of the idea, we decided to charge selected stack who were to attend, and use the amount collected for provision of food and drinks. The idea seemed brilliant as we collected five thousand dollars, a huge sum, considering that a 100 individuals would attend the party. The night for the awaited event finally came and we all decided to grace the occasion in style using o ur parents vehicles. I had actually be to my parents that I was going to Johns place to give him some company as we finished on some class work. At the punt of my mind, I was impressed that I could lie to my parents with a straight face and get away with it, without the knowledge of the events that were to unfold. I could hardly concentrate on anything, and my mind was poised for the nights events. The anticipation as it appeared was not a unique thing as people turned up early and all psyched up. We had purchased a lot of alcoholic beverages mixing them up with punch to be drunk during the whole night. It was a deception to think that the party would be a secret affair especially with the alcohol around. I had decided to take it slow on the alcohol and only took small pints at a time not knowing the cumulative effect that it would have by the end of the night. Everyone at the party indulged in the drink with several of my friends passing out at the early stages of the party. Thin gs intensified as the night wore on, and everyone was highly intoxicated to think straight. To spur things up we decided to engage in a random spirited of truth or dare by spinning a bottle. The game is synonymous with majority of the parties that take place around the country, but the nights tragedy were a direct result of the game and the alcohol. It was my turn and asked for the option between truth or dare I opted for a dare plain courageous enough to do anything asked of me by my challenger. The dare involved me driving with a

North Korea Essay Example for Free

labor union Korea EssayInstitutions and businesses require legal documents to describe the securities they fling to both the participants and buyers. This legal document is referred to as a prospectus which normally contains promotional and in compriseational materials. This means that the prospectus is a formal legal document that gives the details of cooperation and whitethorn in like manner include the facts about a company which ar vital to the perceived investors. In this paper we will focus on the development of a prospect us in northern Korea. We will first focus on the promotional and informational materials relevant to the investors, traders, unconnected organizations tourists and the general public. We will then highlight the awkwards (North Korea) assets, attractions, and economy tr suppresss. Investors North Korea encourages international remote direct investment. This is d one and only(a) through the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK). The DPRK enco urages export and manufacturing which is controlled by state nonionic companies. These state organized trading companies atomic number 18 actually responsible for the distribution of goods onto the topical anaesthetic market.Food and fuel are most vital need the country requires. At present, the country is still suffering due to nutrition shortages. This implies that one can bring in back up generators and fuel since all imports of fuel, food or materials should be kept operational and they are also duty free(Flake Snyder 36). Investors should also note that there are no minimum levels of investment required. This means that negotiation, agreement of a feasibility report and provision with a committee which is a branch of the Ministry of Foreign. Trade is what one requires to accomplish.It has also been discovered that most of the unconnected investors tend to process operations, handle imported materials and level off add value then re-export the goods with some domestic sal es through the trading companies. This is because they are capitalizing on the lower labour costs, proper dedication to the work as comfortably as the low tax situation. Traders The trading pattern of North Korea reflects the nature of its local economy. The country is well known for the availability of raw materials namely iron ore, non ferrous metals as well as minerals.However, North Korea suffers from inadequate capital stock, rasping oil and sophisticated technology. Most businesses in DPRK are controlled by the organization. This is done through state trading companies and businesses of by Armed Forces since they are usually having a marked business interest hence involved in almost everything. The outside companies do develop project which can bring revenue (Cornell 64). These projects may include running hotels, restaurants and even bars.When people jaunt to big cities, they will stay in these foreign hotels or restaurants and pay very high prices. Therefore, foreign com panies can bring luxury goods for instance liquor, cosmetics and other items such as American goods for use in the stores. Although we have put a stress on the goods having an impact on the visitors, they are also utilized by the local population and the number may increase in future. Traders should also realize that a private business such as fruit seller and other intra village trade is usually overlooked.If these small businesses are properly tapped and nurtured, they are in all likelihood to develop to the real businesses. As traders, we need at this point to ask ourselves what the North Koreans need? Clearly, on a large scale, everything is needed but just lots of micro opportunities are needed on small scale. For instance, second hand Japanese and America automobiles form China have been imported. Again, we note that consumer goods in small packs such as chocolates, cookies peanuts and even almonds are needed.This demand may increase in future due to the expected political change. Industries North Koreas priories the development of agricultural and light industries. This policy is made possible by the fact that the preferential allocation of the investment funds by the state to the voiceless industry. A substancial economy entirely depends on the quantity of the extraction of its main mineral resources. These mineral resources are mainly used as fuels, raw materials in the industry, metal processing and export (Hughes 74).North Korea wholly depends on coal as its main energy source since it lacks reserves of oil or gas. However, the production of coal has not been able to adequately rising demands and hence the persistent shortage of energy in the country. Tourist Attraction North Korea has much to offer tourists. These include the beautiful nature of the Miohang Mountains Museums of Pyongyang, parks and monuments the socialist society that preserves its own way of living the old heritage as well as the traditional of Korean culture.It is then imp ortant to realize the excellent tourist opportunities available in this rapidly developing country. The beautiful monuments such as castle of culture, national ark (which encloses the Diamond Mountains) and the ancient buildings form good scenery that attracts tourists. However, it is worth nothing that the main demerit in the tourist industry is the difficult in gaining entry to North Korea which is a closed country. Turning on the climate, it is established that North Korea has a moderate climate with four distinct sea give-and-takes.These include the hotter pass season which also comprises of the monsoon season which runs form July to August although quite sever in the northern parts of the country, the winter is generally chilly. The autumn and spring are usually considered as the best time to visit since the weather is dry and mild. The outstanding site of the country lies on the b do with China which displays an enormous nonexistent volcano. This unique beautiful natural la ndmark is taken to be a sacred site to both North Koreans and South Koreans.This is because they believe that this site was where the son of the Lord of Heaven descended and established the first Korean Kingdom. Local move arounding (inside North Korea) is strictly controlled by the government. Although some domestic flights are scheduled, they are scarcely provided to foreigners. Again, trains do serve the major tourist destination but tickets are usually arranged through a tour operator since the timetables are not usually published. Buses are rare in the county and and then the scarce way a tourist will get around to see the various sceneries is by oar.This implies that the tourist(s) will have to be in the accompaniment of an official driver and a guide. It is only unfortunate that one may not choose his or her accommodation while in North Korea. This means that the foreigner must stay in the specified tourist hotel since this is a strict rule of the country. The hotels are of reasonable standards although they come in four types deluxe, first class, second and third classes. The tour operators usually organize accommodation for the tourists and therefore the visitors are not given(p) a choice.In North Korea (even in Pyongyang) the healthcare standards are markedly lower than West Europe. This implies that all invasive procedures need to be prevented and especially ones travel insurance should be sufficient to cover any costs. For instance cholera is a risk in the country and therefore vaccination prior to travel is a must. Polio and Typhoid vaccinations should be considered. Again, it is vital to consider all pissing as a possible health risk and this means only bottled water is recommended for both washing and consumption.Tap water should only be used if it is boiled or properly sterilized. All dirty products should be avoided and if one has to eat meat then it should be thoroughly cooked. This will ensure that as a tourist, one stay healthy in Nor th Korea. stem The domestic network of rail roadstead in North Korea operates on the axes of the Kaesung Sariwon Pyongyang Shinuiju line along the West coast, the wonisan Haungnam Chongi in Rajin line along the eastmost coast, and the Pyongyang Wonsan line linking the east and west.North Korea has also six lines linking with China and a line with Russia and this forms the international network of railroads. Currently, only four lines are in operation. These include the Shinuifu Tandong (China) line, the Tumen River Hassan (Russia) line, the Namyang Tumen (China) line and the Manpo jian (china). In North Korea, roads do play a secondary role in joining major harbors and railroads stations or even by places. However, roads also serve as major means of transportation where there marine and railroad transport is unavailable.Transportation of hatful cargo between regions faces a lot of difficult due to the mountainous terrain as well as the countrys industrial structure. Thi s has been made more than difficult due to the governments transportation. This is because the government wants to control the peoples free movements as well as the use of oil. Also, trunk roads have been well constructed along the railroads. Economy Korea had once has timber resources. In the North conservation and reforestation programs assisted in the curbing of the impact of profuse cutting that was evident during the Japanese occupation.As mentioned earlier, North Korea has a great mineral wealth, which includes gold, iron ore, coal tungsten and graphite modern mining methods has therefore been instituted in the country. The minerals and metals therefore account for a substancial portion of the countrys export revenue. North Korea is specifically rich in iron and coal and other minerals such as copper, lead, zinc uranium, manganese, Gold and Silver which are of high economic value. The country comprises of the mountainous and rocky terrain which makes the Koreans land arable. This means that rice is the principal crop.We note that before dividing Korea, the colder and less fertile north primarily depended upon the South for food. This meant that Agricultural self sufficient became the key focus of North Korean government and mechanized methods has to be introduced. However, North Korea has still suffered severe good shortages. In North Korea, livestock plays a minor role in agriculture because of the contradictory for large-scale grazing. North Korea has drastically changed from a mainly agricultural society to an industrial one due to the availability of mineral resources as well as hydropower.This implies that majority of the national products is currently derived form mining and manufacturing. However, development in the North Korea has been impeded by the rigid economic system as well as the loss of trading partners after the collapse of the communist world. The government has again instituted a chain of economic reforms which are aimed at revivi ng the economy. As stated earlier, the major North Korea products include iron, steel, machinery, military products textiles (synthetics, wool, cotton silk) and even chemicals. Industrialization of North Korea has been accompanied by improved infrastructure.We note that by the end of the Korean War, the railroad and paved highways were almost non-existent. The railroads have therefore been extensively reconstructed to pave way for industrialization. The Military economy in North Korea gives an unusually large share of national output. This means that the planners or designers have primarily focused on the heavy industry. North Korea is therefore a substantially urban economy therefore a giant portion of its total output comes form the cities. The urban assets in North Korea are therefore accepted to form the key component of DPRK national wealth.When importing raw materials and then processing them to produce products such as shoes or even soap, one should be aware of the process t hrough which the products will be supplied to North Korea. This implies that a proper supply process should be known. If for instance, North Korea wishes to provide with less svelte raw and intermediate materials, then such provisions should be available. This means that technical cooperation is very vital and this should be known by investors, traders, foreign governments, tourists, and even the general public.Again, to utilize the supplied materials adequately, production abilities plus technical levels need to be enhanced. The economic collapse in North Korea has led to the biggest crisis ever since the country was founded. However, North Korea authorities have held strong claims that natural disasters are responsible for the deteriorated economy. The rapid decline in foreign aid might have even turn the economic development (An 95). This means that all of the sectors no longer function properly.Shortages of foreign exchange food, energy, daily necessities and raw materials co me along to be a lasting problem in North Korea. A detailed analysis of the economic and living conditions in North Korea points out that most of citizens currently depend on the farmers markets and any other market transactions for basic needs. This may be one of the reasons as to why the authorities in North Korea have been inefficient to execute a detailed economic planning and hence weakening the countrys socialist planning system (Scalapino Lee 20). This economic barrier in the country automatically limits its policy options.This point out that North Korea needs foreign assistance to remedy its current economic difficulties. The North Korea government has therefore recognized that it is becoming increasely difficult to maintain its policy of self-reliance and thus changed towards foreign investment. However, prospect for the North Korean economy seem to remain clouded by much uncertainty. The future prospects of the North Korean economy may be shaped through South Korean po licy towards North Korea, the Norths intention to open and reform its ailing economy and the response of the United State and Japan.North Korea is currently showing an increasing tendency to embrace diplomatic relations with non socialist countries a move some consider to be due to its need for foreign assistance. Promotion of foreign investment into its domestic market and an increase in North Koreas exports could also boost the falling level of the foreign reserves. This implies that North Korea continues to become bloodsucking on foreign assistance and trade (Lee Yoo 73). North Koreas economic activities have remained under state control. This means collective agriculture and state have companied account for the majority of all economic activities.Apart from the political changes in China and Russia which adversely affected much of the financial support form these countries, floods and famine also led to serious disruption of the industrial structure (Suh Lee 33). North Kore as coastline has a mixture of warm and cold ocean currents. It also has many rivers, lakes and streams hence the development of fisheries. Therefore, the major fishing grounds are in the coastal areas. Most large-scale storage and canning facilities are also laid on the east coast. Smaller fishery cooperatives are also located along both coasts in traditional fishing centers besides the fisheries station.These aquaculture and fresh water fishing entirely takes place on regular cooperative farms. Modernization of fishing industry is necessary for North Korea to expand marine products. The government has therefore called for introduction of modern fishing implements and rationalizing the fishery labor system. This will also involve the expansion and modernization of the cold storage and processing facilities in order to facilitate faster processing of catches. However, the slow progress in state investment and shortage of oil are the limiting factors in the marine output.